Workshop report
| 
26 Oct 2023
Workshop report |
| 26 Oct 2023
| 26 Oct 2023
Planning for the Lake Izabal Basin Research Endeavor (LIBRE) continental scientific drilling project in eastern Guatemala
Department of Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA
Andreas Eckert
Department of Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA
Peter M. J. Douglas
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences and Geotop Research Center, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
Liseth Perez
Institute of Geosystems and Bioindication, Technische Universität Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany
Alex Correa-Metrio
Centro de Geociencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Juriquilla, México
Bronwen L. Konecky
Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
Thorsten Bauersachs
Institute of Geosciences, Christian-Albrechts-Universität, Kiel, Germany
Susan Zimmerman
Center for Accelerator Mass Spectrometry, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, California, USA
Stephanie Scheidt
Institute of Geology and Mineralogy, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
Mark Brenner
Department of Geological Sciences, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA
Steffen Kutterolf
GEOMAR, Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research Kiel, Kiel, Germany
Jeremy Maurer
Department of Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA
Omar Flores
Centro de Estudios Superiores de Energía y Minas, Universidad de San Carlos de Guatemala, Guatemala City, Guatemala
Caroline M. Burberry
Department of Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Nebraska–Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA
Anders Noren
Continental Scientific Drilling Facility, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Amy Myrbo
Amiable Consulting, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
Matthew Lachniet
Department of Geosciences, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA
Nigel Wattrus
Earth and Environmental Sciences Department, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, Minnesota, USA
Derek Gibson
Department of Geosciences and Geological and Petroleum Engineering Department, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, Missouri, USA
A full list of authors appears at the end of the paper.
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Alexie Roy-Lafontaine, Rebecca Lee, Peter M. J. Douglas, Dustin Whalen, and André Pellerin
Biogeosciences, 23, 3777–3792, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3777-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-23-3777-2026, 2026
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Arctic coastlines are eroding and flooding as the climate warms, but their role in releasing methane, a potent greenhouse gas, is not well understood. We collected soil and sediment samples near Tuktoyaktuk, Canada, and tested methane production when exposed to seawater in laboratory incubations. We expected seawater to suppress methane production, but coastal soils instead produced more methane than inland sites. Arctic coasts may therefore be an overlooked source of methane to the atmosphere.
Marie-Luise Adolph, Junbo Wang, Liping Zhu, Leon J. Clarke, Andrew C. G. Henderson, Hendrik Vogel, Gerhard Daut, Peter Frenzel, Jianting Ju, Qiangqiang Kou, Dierk Michaelis, Olga Schmitz, Anja Schwarz, Volkhard Spiess, Arne Ulfers, Cidan Zhaxi, Daniel Ariztegui, Natasha Barbolini, Thorsten Bauersachs, Erwin Braun, Giulia Ceriotti, Brian Grivna, Marlene Hoehle, Rolf Kipfer, Wilhelmine Klamt, Cindy Kunkel, Aliisa Laakkonen, Minghui Li, Qingfeng Ma, Paul Moser Röggla, Kaja Müller, Anders Noren, Ryan O'Grady, Santiago Otero, Maïlys Picard, Anna Pint, Camille Thomas, Jerome Van der Woerd, Mathias Vinnepand, Claudia Wrozyna, Christian Zeeden, Xinghuan Zhu, and Torsten Haberzettl
Sci. Dril., 35, 99–117, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-35-99-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-35-99-2026, 2026
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We drilled deep into sediments beneath a large lake on the Tibetan Plateau, Nam Co, to learn how climate and environments have changed over multiple ice age cycles. The recovered sediments show repeated shifts between major changes in lake conditions, water chemistry, and ecosystems. These findings help clarify how wind systems responded to natural climate cycles and improve understanding of how high mountain regions may react to future climate change and environmental stress.
Mauricio Bonilla-Flores, Liseth Pérez, Peter Frenzel, Paula Echeverría-Galindo, Junbo Wang, and Antje Schwalb
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 429–453, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-429-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-429-2026, 2026
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We grew three species of freshwater ostracods in the laboratory to document their development from eggs to adults. By comparing each stage of growth, we found significant differences in body shape, egg size, and growth patterns that help distinguish closely related species. Since their shells are often preserved in lake and pond sediments, our results provide useful reference data for studies of modern aquatic ecosystems and past environmental changes.
Guilherme Krahl, Andrea Concheyro, Marlone H. H. Bom, Rodrigo M. Guerra, Karlos G. D. Kochhann, Thorsten Bauersachs, Lorenz Schwark, Daiane Ceolin, Telma Musso, and Gerson Fauth
J. Micropalaeontol., 45, 297–308, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-297-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/jm-45-297-2026, 2026
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The Maastrichtian–Danian record at Cerro Azul (Argentina) shows shifts in planktic foraminiferal assemblages and sea surface temperatures (SSTs) (TEXH86) tied to the K–Pg (Cretaceous–Paleogene) extinction. Guembelitriid dominance and high-latitude affinity define the early Danian, with Antarcticella pauciloculata present. At 45 cm above the boundary, tropical species appear with a ~1.5 °C SST rise, signalling initial post-extinction climatic recovery.
Verena Foerster, Asfawossen Asrat, Christopher Bronk Ramsey, Erik T. Brown, Alan Deino, Asfaw Erbello, Markus L. Fischer, Daniel Gebregiorgis, Annett Junginger, Stefanie Kaboth-Bahr, Christine S. Lane, Stephan Opitz, Anders Noren, Helen M. Roberts, Ralph Tiedemann, Céline-Marie Vidal, Finn Viehberg, Ralf Vogelsang, Charlotte Zachow, Bahru Zinaye, Andrew S. Cohen, Henry F. Lamb, Frank Schaebitz, and Martin H. Trauth
Sci. Dril., 35, 61–81, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-35-61-2026, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-35-61-2026, 2026
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To explore links between human evolution and environmental change, the Chew Bahir basin in southern Ethiopia, a sedimentary climate archive, was investigated through a series of scientific drilling expeditions. We share key lessons from planning, site selection, drilling strategy and core processing, with a focus on the awards and challenges in collecting and merging twin sediment cores into a near-continuous record to provide practical lessons for future projects.
Sara M. Defratyka, Julianne M. Fernandez, Getachew A. Adnew, Guannan Dong, Peter M. J. Douglas, Daniel L. Eldridge, Giuseppe Etiope, Thomas Giunta, Mojhgan A. Haghnegahdar, Alexander N. Hristov, Nicole Hultquist, Iñaki Vadillo, Josue Jautzy, Ji-Hyun Kim, Jabrane Labidi, Ellen Lalk, Wil Leavitt, Jiawen Li, Li-Hung Lin, Jiarui Liu, Lucía Ojeda, Shuhei Ono, Jeemin H. Rhim, Thomas Röckmann, Barbara Sherwood Lollar, Malavika Sivan, Jiayang Sun, Gregory T. Ventura, David T. Wang, Edward D. Young, Naizhong Zhang, and Tim Arnold
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 17, 6889–6910, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6889-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-17-6889-2025, 2025
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Measurement of methane’s doubly substituted isotopologues at natural abundances holds promise for better constraining the Earth’s atmospheric CH4 budget. We compiled 1475 measurements from field samples and laboratory experiments, conducted since 2014, to facilitate the differentiation of CH4 formation pathways and processes, to identify existing gaps limiting application of Δ13CH3D and Δ12CH2D2, and to develop isotope ratio source signature inputs for global CH4 flux modelling.
Benjamin Gwinneth, Kevin Johnston, Andy Breckenridge, and Peter M. J. Douglas
Biogeosciences, 22, 7079–7088, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-7079-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-22-7079-2025, 2025
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Over time, traces of humans, fire, and plants accumulate at the bottom of lakes. They reveal the history of how the lowland Maya, a society thought to have declined due to drought, transformed their environment over time. We show how forest was cleared, agriculture expanded, and population levels rose then declined. However, the record does not show drought even though population declines. This challenges the idea that climate was the primary cause of the societal changes.
Andrew A. Flaim, Bronwen L. Konecky, and Sloan Coats
EGUsphere, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4121, https://doi.org/10.5194/egusphere-2025-4121, 2025
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The North Atlantic Oscillation is an important driver of year-to-year weather variability in Europe and North America, but its behavior on longer timescales is disputed. We present a new reconstruction of the NAO over the last millennium using water isotope proxy data from ice cores, speleothems, trees, and other archives. We find pronounced but irregular multidecadal to centennial variability. Better accounting for such variability in climate models is crucial to better project future climate.
Volker Wennrich, Julia Diederich-Leicher, Bárbara Nataly Blanco-Arrué, Christoph Büttner, Stefan Buske, Eduardo Campos Sepulveda, Tibor Dunai, Jacob Feller, Emma Galego, Ascelina Hasberg, Niklas Leicher, Damián Alejandro López, Jorge Maldonado, Alicia Medialdea, Lukas Ninnemann, Russell Perryman, Juan Cristóbal Ríos-Contesse, Benedikt Ritter, Stephanie Scheidt, Barbara Vargas-Machuca, Pritam Yogeshwar, and Martin Melles
Sci. Dril., 34, 1–20, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-34-1-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-34-1-2025, 2025
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We present the results of comprehensive pre-site surveys and deep drillings in two clay pans in the central Atacama Desert of northern Chile, one of the driest deserts on Earth. The results of the site surveys as well as lithological and downhole-logging data of the deep-drilling operations highlight the potential of the sediment records from the PAG (Playa Adamito Grande) and Paranal clay pans to provide unprecedented information on the Neogene precipitation history of the hyperarid core of the Atacama Desert.
Aelis Spiller, Cynthia M. Kallenbach, Melanie S. Burnett, David Olefeldt, Christopher Schulze, Roxane Maranger, and Peter M. J. Douglas
SOIL, 11, 371–379, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-371-2025, https://doi.org/10.5194/soil-11-371-2025, 2025
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Permafrost peatlands are large reservoirs of carbon. As frozen permafrost thaws, drier peat moisture conditions can arise, affecting the microbial production of climate-warming greenhouse gases like CO2 and N2O. Our study suggests that future peat CO2 and N2O production depends on whether drier peat plateaus thaw into wetter fens or bogs and on their diverging responses of peat respiration to more moisture-limited conditions.
Biagio Giaccio, Bernd Wagner, Giovanni Zanchetta, Adele Bertini, Gian Paolo Cavinato, Roberto de Franco, Fabio Florindo, David A. Hodell, Thomas A. Neubauer, Sebastien Nomade, Alison Pereira, Laura Sadori, Sara Satolli, Polychronis C. Tzedakis, Paul Albert, Paolo Boncio, Cindy De Jonge, Alexander Francke, Christine Heim, Alessia Masi, Marta Marchegiano, Helen M. Roberts, Anders Noren, and the MEME team
Sci. Dril., 33, 249–266, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-33-249-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-33-249-2024, 2024
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A total of 42 Earth scientists from 14 countries met in Gioia dei Marsi, central Italy, on 23 to 27 October 2023 to explore the potential for deep drilling of the thick lake sediment sequence of the Fucino Basin. The aim was to reconstruct the history of climate, ecosystem, and biodiversity changes and of the explosive volcanism and tectonics in central Italy over the last 3.5 million years, constrained by a detailed radiometric chronology.
Jonathan M. G. Stine, Joshua M. Feinberg, Adam K. Huttenlocker, Randall B. Irmis, Declan Ramirez, Rashida Doctor, John McDaris, Charles M. Henderson, Michael T. Read, Kristina Brady Shannon, Anders Noren, Ryan O'Grady, Ayva Sloo, Patrick Steury, Diego P. Fernandez, Amy C. Henrici, and Neil J. Tabor
Sci. Dril., 33, 109–128, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-33-109-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-33-109-2024, 2024
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We present initial results from the upper 450 m of ER-1, a legacy core collected from modern-day Bears Ears National Monument, Utah, USA. This section contains a relatively complete record of Upper Carboniferous to Early Permian sediments, providing a unique window on Earth's last icehouse–hothouse transition. Ongoing research will tie our results to important fossil sites, allowing us to better understand how this climate shift contributed to the evolution of terrestrial life.
Catherine C. Beck, Melissa Berke, Craig S. Feibel, Verena Foerster, Lydia Olaka, Helen M. Roberts, Christopher A. Scholz, Kat Cantner, Anders Noren, Geoffery Mibei Kiptoo, James Muirhead, and the Deep Drilling in the Turkana Basin (DDTB) project team
Sci. Dril., 33, 93–108, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-33-93-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-33-93-2024, 2024
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The Deep Drilling in the Turkana Basin project seeks to determine the relative impacts of tectonics and climate on eastern African ecosystems. To organize goals for coring, we hosted a workshop in Nairobi, Kenya, which focused on how a 4 Myr sedimentary core from Turkana will uniquely address research objectives related to basin evolution, past climates and environments, and modern resources. We concluded that a Pliocene to modern record is best accomplished through a two-phase drilling project.
Julie Christin Schindlbeck-Belo, Matthew Toohey, Marion Jegen, Steffen Kutterolf, and Kira Rehfeld
Earth Syst. Sci. Data, 16, 1063–1081, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1063-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/essd-16-1063-2024, 2024
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Volcanic forcing of climate resulting from major explosive eruptions is a dominant natural driver of past climate variability. To support model studies of the potential impacts of explosive volcanism on climate variability across timescales, we present an ensemble reconstruction of volcanic stratospheric sulfur injection over the last 140 000 years that is based primarily on tephra records.
Steffen Kutterolf, Mark Brenner, Robert A. Dull, Armin Freundt, Jens Kallmeyer, Sebastian Krastel, Sergei Katsev, Elodie Lebas, Axel Meyer, Liseth Pérez, Juanita Rausch, Armando Saballos, Antje Schwalb, and Wilfried Strauch
Sci. Dril., 32, 73–84, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-73-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/sd-32-73-2023, 2023
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The NICA-BRIDGE workshop proposes a milestone-driven three-phase project to ICDP and later ICDP/IODP involving short- and long-core drilling in the Nicaraguan lakes and in the Pacific Sandino Basin to (1) reconstruct tropical climate and environmental changes and their external controlling mechanisms over several million years, (2) assess magnitudes and recurrence times of multiple natural hazards, and (3) provide
baselineenvironmental data for monitoring lake conditions.
Julia Homann, Niklas Karbach, Stacy A. Carolin, Daniel H. James, David Hodell, Sebastian F. M. Breitenbach, Ola Kwiecien, Mark Brenner, Carlos Peraza Lope, and Thorsten Hoffmann
Biogeosciences, 20, 3249–3260, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3249-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-20-3249-2023, 2023
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Cave stalagmites contain substances that can be used to reconstruct past changes in local and regional environmental conditions. We used two classes of biomarkers (polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and monosaccharide anhydrides) to detect the presence of fire and to also explore changes in fire regime (e.g. fire frequency, intensity, and fuel source). We tested our new method on a stalagmite from Mayapan, a large Maya city on the Yucatán Peninsula.
Rodrigo Martínez-Abarca, Michelle Abstein, Frederik Schenk, David Hodell, Philipp Hoelzmann, Mark Brenner, Steffen Kutterolf, Sergio Cohuo, Laura Macario-González, Mona Stockhecke, Jason Curtis, Flavio S. Anselmetti, Daniel Ariztegui, Thomas Guilderson, Alexander Correa-Metrio, Thorsten Bauersachs, Liseth Pérez, and Antje Schwalb
Clim. Past, 19, 1409–1434, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1409-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-1409-2023, 2023
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Lake Petén Itzá, northern Guatemala, is one of the oldest lakes in the northern Neotropics. In this study, we analyzed geochemical and mineralogical data to decipher the hydrological response of the lake to climate and environmental changes between 59 and 15 cal ka BP. We also compare the response of Petén Itzá with other regional records to discern the possible climate forcings that influenced them. Short-term climate oscillations such as Greenland interstadials and stadials are also detected.
Jack A. Hutchings and Bronwen L. Konecky
Atmos. Meas. Tech., 16, 1663–1682, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1663-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/amt-16-1663-2023, 2023
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The coupled variation of the three stable isotopes of oxygen in water is being studied as a relatively new tracer of the water cycle. Measurement by laser spectroscopy has a number of pitfalls that have hampered a wider exploration of this new tracer. We demonstrate successful analysis using Picarro's L2140-i analyzer and provide recommendations for other users. We find that removal of dissolved organic carbon is required when measurements are studied near the limits of instrumental accuracy.
Laura Macario-González, Sergio Cohuo, Philipp Hoelzmann, Liseth Pérez, Manuel Elías-Gutiérrez, Margarita Caballero, Alexis Oliva, Margarita Palmieri, María Renée Álvarez, and Antje Schwalb
Biogeosciences, 19, 5167–5185, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5167-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-19-5167-2022, 2022
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We evaluate the relationships between geodiversity, limnological conditions, and freshwater ostracodes from southern Mexico to Nicaragua. Geological, limnological, geochemical, and mineralogical characteristics of 76 systems reveal two main limnological regions and seven subregions. Water ionic and sediment composition are the most influential. Geodiversity strongly influences limnological conditions, which in turn influence ostracode composition and distribution.
Regina Gonzalez Moguel, Felix Vogel, Sébastien Ars, Hinrich Schaefer, Jocelyn C. Turnbull, and Peter M. J. Douglas
Atmos. Chem. Phys., 22, 2121–2133, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2121-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/acp-22-2121-2022, 2022
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Evaluating methane (CH4) sources in the Athabasca oil sands region (AOSR) is crucial to effectively mitigate CH4 emissions. We tested the use of carbon isotopes to estimate source contributions from key CH4 sources in the AOSR and found that 56 ± 18 % of CH4 emissions originated from surface mining and processing facilities, 34 ± 18 % from tailings ponds, and 10 ± < 1 % from wetlands, confirming previous findings and showing that this method can be successfully used to partition CH4 sources.
Stephanie Scheidt, Matthias Lenz, Ramon Egli, Dominik Brill, Martin Klug, Karl Fabian, Marlene M. Lenz, Raphael Gromig, Janet Rethemeyer, Bernd Wagner, Grigory Federov, and Martin Melles
Geochronology, 4, 87–107, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-87-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/gchron-4-87-2022, 2022
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Levinson-Lessing Lake in northern central Siberia provides an exceptional opportunity to study the evolution of the Earth's magnetic field in the Arctic. This is the first study carried out at the lake that focus on the palaeomagnetic record. It presents the relative palaeointensity and palaeosecular variation of the upper 38 m of sediment core Co1401, spanning ~62 kyr. A comparable high-resolution record of this time does not exist in the Eurasian Arctic.
Irene Schimmelpfennig, Joerg M. Schaefer, Jennifer Lamp, Vincent Godard, Roseanne Schwartz, Edouard Bard, Thibaut Tuna, Naki Akçar, Christian Schlüchter, Susan Zimmerman, and ASTER Team
Clim. Past, 18, 23–44, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-23-2022, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-18-23-2022, 2022
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Small mountain glaciers advance and recede as a response to summer temperature changes. Dating of glacial landforms with cosmogenic nuclides allowed us to reconstruct the advance and retreat history of an Alpine glacier throughout the past ~ 11 000 years, the Holocene. The results contribute knowledge to the debate of Holocene climate evolution, indicating that during most of this warm period, summer temperatures were similar to or warmer than in modern times.
Peter M. J. Douglas, Emerald Stratigopoulos, Sanga Park, and Dawson Phan
Biogeosciences, 18, 3505–3527, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3505-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-18-3505-2021, 2021
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Hydrogen isotopes could be a useful tool to help resolve the geographic distribution of methane emissions from freshwater environments. We analyzed an expanded global dataset of freshwater methane hydrogen isotope ratios and found significant geographic variation linked to water isotopic composition. This geographic variability could be used to resolve changing methane fluxes from freshwater environments and provide more accurate estimates of the relative balance of global methane sources.
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Short summary
In August 2022, 65 scientists from 13 countries gathered in Antigua, Guatemala, for a workshop, co-funded by the US National Science Foundation and the International Continental Scientific Drilling Program. This workshop considered the potential of establishing a continental scientific drilling program in the Lake Izabal Basin, eastern Guatemala, with the goals of establishing a borehole observatory and investigating one of the longest continental records from the northern Neotropics.
In August 2022, 65 scientists from 13 countries gathered in Antigua, Guatemala, for a workshop,...
